Cardinal Flower

Cardinal Flower is a bold native perennial with scarlet spires that bloom in summer. It naturally grows in moist soils and along stream edges, making it ideal for rain gardens, wet borders, and brightening dappled areas.

• When to sow: Late fall through early spring. Indoors, start 10–12 weeks before last frost.
• Light: Full sun to partial shade (tolerates more sun with consistent moisture).
• Soil: Moist, rich, well-drained to consistently damp soils.
• Water: Keep evenly moist—do not let seedlings dry out. Mulch helps retain moisture.
• Depth: Press onto soil surface; seed needs light for germination (do not bury).
• Spacing: 12–18" apart.

For spring sowing, a short cold stratification (30–60 days) can improve germination.

Lobelia cardinalis is one of the most dependable hummingbird plants in the Southeast. Its tubular flowers are shaped for nectar-feeding birds and long-tongued pollinators. Cardinal Flower is often short-lived but readily reseeds in suitable moist sites. Plant in drifts for a strong visual and ecological hit.

• Hardiness Zones: 3-9.
• Height: 2–4 feet.
• Bloom window: Mid–late summer.
• Wildlife: Ruby-throated hummingbirds; bees and butterflies.
• Habit: Upright spikes above basal foliage; may form small colonies.
• Best uses: Rain gardens, pond/stream edges, moist borders, partial-shade pollinator gardens.

Leave spent stems through winter for structure and habitat. Cut back in late winter/early spring as new growth begins.